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Social services and child care proceedings lawyers

Care proceedings are the formal legal process governed by the Children Act 1989, by which a local authority applies to the family court for a care or supervision order in respect of a child it believes is suffering, or is at risk of suffering, significant harm attributable to the care given, or likely to be given, by a parent or carer. Our specialist care proceedings solicitors represent parents, grandparents, connected persons, and other family members at every stage of proceedings brought by a local authority.

As the UK’s largest specialist family law firm, Stowe Family Law has over 90 offices across England and Wales. Our children law team spans locations including London, Manchester, Leeds, Birmingham, Sheffield, Bristol, Cardiff, and beyond. Wherever you are in the country, local specialist advice is within reach.

Ranked as a Leading Firm by both Legal 500 and Chambers & Partners 2026, and named in The Times Best Law Firms in 2026, Stowe is trusted by families across the country. We’re also rated Excellent on Trustpilot, showing the level of dedication we bring to each of our clients. As members of Resolution and regulated by the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA), you can expect honest, measured advice focused on protecting your family. Our award-winning lawyers cut through the legal jargon, so you understand exactly where you stand and what your options are at every stage.

Key Care Proceedings Information

What do our care proceedings solicitors do?

Stowe Family Law care proceedings solicitors specialise in cases pertaining to care proceedings from local authorities. This court proceeding may be undertaken when the local authority is concerned about a child and applies for a care order to assume parental responsibility. To learn more about what a care proceeding solicitor can do for you, contact us today.

How long should care proceedings take?

Care proceedings, should they proceed to court, can take upwards of 20 weeks to reach their conclusion. Care orders last until a child is 18 years old.

Who should be given notice of care proceedings?

Everyone named as a respondent on the care order application will be made aware of and given notice regarding care proceedings.

What should I do if I have received notice of court proceedings?

If you have received notice of court proceedings from a local authority, contact Stowe Family Law quickly. You have 14 days to respond to the claim, and it’s important you have the legal knowledge and advice you need to achieve the best outcome.

See more answers to common questions

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Why might you need solicitors that deal with social services?

If social services have contacted you or a family member regarding child care proceedings, you must get legal advice urgently. Even if you do not attend scheduled meetings or court hearings, social services can make important decisions about your family’s future.

At Stowe Family Law, our social service solicitors regularly support families in this situation. We can contact social services on your behalf, attend any scheduled meetings and advise you regarding correspondence, reports or agreements you are asked to sign.

Our specialist children lawyers understand this complex legal situation and can advise you on your options and their impact, and will be on hand to support you in a caring and empathetic manner.

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What is an interim care order?

An interim care order is a temporary order made by the court while care proceedings are still ongoing. It places your child under the care or supervision of the local authority for the time being, usually until the next hearing or until the proceedings reach a conclusion.

Before making an interim care order, the court must be satisfied that the threshold criteria have been met. This means there must be reasonable grounds to believe your child is suffering, or is likely to suffer, significant harm, and that this is linked either to the standard of care being provided or to the child being beyond parental control.

While an interim care order is in place, the local authority takes on parental responsibility for your child. This does not remove your own parental responsibility, but it does mean the local authority can make certain decisions that override yours where it considers this necessary to protect your child’s welfare.

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A few important points to be aware of:

  • Duration: The order will state how long it lasts. It can be extended, and there is no fixed limit on the number of interim care orders that can be made during the course of proceedings
  • Placement: The local authority decides where your child will live. In some cases, a child may remain with their parents under an interim care order, though this can change if new concerns come to light
  • Contact: The local authority is under a duty to promote reasonable contact between your child and those with parental responsibility, though the arrangements will be set out by the court

The decisions made at this early stage can shape the direction of the proceedings as a whole. If an interim care order has been made, or you believe one is being sought, seeking legal advice as early as possible can make a real difference to what happens next.

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Should I sign a Section 20 agreement?

We do not recommend signing a Section 20 agreement until you have spoken to a solicitor. A Section 20 agreement, made under Section 20 of the Children Act 1989, is a voluntary arrangement in which your child is accommodated by the local authority with your consent. It is sometimes offered as an alternative to the local authority making an urgent application to court. It can appear less confrontational than formal proceedings, but it carries significant implications that are worth understanding before you agree to anything.

Under a Section 20 arrangement:

  • You retain parental responsibility: No court order is made, so the local authority does not acquire parental responsibility. You continue to be consulted on major decisions about your child’s life
  • Your child becomes a looked-after child: They are accommodated by the local authority, but are not technically ‘in care’ in the legal sense
  • You can withdraw your consent at any time: You are entitled to ask for your child to be returned to you. The local authority cannot lawfully prevent this unless it obtains a court order
  • The arrangement may be used to gather evidence: The local authority may use this period to carry out assessments while it decides whether to apply for a care order

One concern for many parents is that a Section 20 arrangement, if it continues for a prolonged period without a clear plan or court oversight, can become a way of delaying a formal decision – one that may not serve your or your child’s interests. For your consent to be valid, it must be freely given and properly informed. Consent obtained through pressure, confusion, or without a full explanation of what the arrangement involves is not legally valid.

You are entitled to take independent legal advice before agreeing to anything, and a social worker should be encouraging you to do so. If you are unsure, our solicitors can explain what signing would mean for you and your child and help you decide on the right course of action.

Navigating social services and care proceedings requires both sensitivity and legal precision. We provide dedicated support to ensure that children’s welfare is prioritised and that families are fairly represented throughout the process.

What are local authorities concerned about?

Local authorities have a legal duty to safeguard and promote the welfare of children in their area. When they become involved with a family, it is usually because a concern has been raised (often by a professional such as a teacher or GP) about a child’s safety or wellbeing.

The specific concerns vary from family to family, but the issues that most commonly lead to care proceedings in England and Wales include:

What are local authorities concerned about?

Local authorities have a legal duty to safeguard and promote the welfare of children in their area. When they become involved with a family, it is usually because a concern has been raised (often by a professional such as a teacher or GP) about a child’s safety or wellbeing.

The specific concerns vary from family to family, but the issues that most commonly lead to care proceedings in England and Wales include:

  • Neglect

    A failure to meet a child’s basic physical or emotional needs, including food, clothing, supervision, or medical care

  • Physical abuse

    Injuries caused to a child, or a risk of physical harm

  • Emotional abuse

    Ongoing patterns of behaviour that damage a child’s emotional development, such as rejection, threats, or humiliation

  • Domestic abuse

    Exposure to domestic abuse in the home, which can cause a child significant harm even where they are not the direct target

  • Substance misuse

    Parental use of alcohol or drugs in a way considered to affect the ability to provide safe and consistent care

  • Parental mental health

    Concerns about a parent’s mental health that the local authority believes may affect their capacity to care for their child

  • Inability to meet the child's needs

    A broader concern that a child’s physical, emotional, or developmental needs are not being met to the standard the court would expect

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Being involved with social services does not automatically mean care proceedings will follow. Many families work with their local authority on a voluntary basis to address concerns and avoid court altogether. It is only where the local authority does not believe the situation is improving that it may apply to the court for an order.

Whatever concerns have been raised about your family, you have the right to legal representation, and that can make a genuine difference to the outcome. Our lawyers can explain the threshold criteria the local authority must meet, help you respond to assessments, and represent you at every stage of the process.

Why choose Stowe Family Law?

  • As the only national law firm fully dedicated to family matters, our expert team offers professional advice so you can make a fully informed decision about your divorce.

  • We are proud to be rated ‘Excellent’ on Trustpilot. Check out our reviews to see what our previous clients have said about our service.

  • We feature in The Legal 500 rankings and are fully authorised and regulated by the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA).

  • We keep you informed. Take a look at our support section, which features a range of helpful guides, focusing on important topics including finances and mediation.

Find out more about us

Common questions on child care proceedings

Common questions on child care proceedings

  • How do I arrange a consultation with social services solicitors?

    If you would like to arrange an initial consultation with one of our specialist child law solicitors, get in touch by calling us on 0330 191 4938 or emailing us at [email protected].

    You could also visit your local office and speak to one of our team directly.

  • Can social services take away my child without evidence?

    Unless the police have been forced to intervene and use their emergency powers to protect a child, removal of children from your care by social services must be approved by a court or in agreement with the child’s family.

    This means that evidence must have been provided to back up any claims that a child is at risk and that a court has decided that the child or children are to be removed from your care.

  • Is there a time limit for care proceedings cases?

    As prescribed by the children and families act 2014, care proceedings should conclude within a 26-week period. The uncertainty surrounding child care proceeding cases can be harmful and distressing to children and their families alike.

    Each case will be unique and there are varying degrees of severity to be taken into consideration. In certain exception circumstances, care proceedings can be extended but it is not a common occurrence. Our care proceedings solicitors will support you through the process to try to resolve the situation in the given time frame.

     

  • How long do care proceedings take?

    Care proceedings in England and Wales should conclude within 26 weeks, as set out in the Children and Families Act 2014. This timeframe is designed to reduce uncertainty for children and families. In some cases, the court may grant an extension where there are exceptional circumstances, but this is not common. Your solicitor can help ensure the proceedings move forward as efficiently as possible.

  • Can social services remove my child immediately?

    In most cases, no. The local authority must apply to the family court and satisfy a judge that the legal threshold for making an order has been met before your child can be removed from your care. The only exception is where the police use emergency powers under Section 46 of the Children Act 1989 to remove a child they believe is in immediate danger. Even then, this lasts no more than 72 hours, after which the local authority must either return the child or apply to the court for an Emergency Protection Order.

  • Can a family member care for my child instead?

    Yes, in many cases. If the local authority is concerned that a child cannot remain with their parents, the court will consider whether another family member or connected person, such as a grandparent, aunt, uncle, or family friend, could care for the child instead. This is known as a kinship placement, and the local authority is required to consider it before looking at foster care or adoption. If you believe a family member could care for your child, it is important to raise this early in proceedings.

  • What if I disagree with the local authority's assessment?

    You have the right to challenge the local authority’s evidence and put your own case to the court. This may include filing a statement setting out your position, instructing an independent expert to carry out an assessment, or cross-examining the local authority’s witnesses at a final hearing. A specialist solicitor can help you understand what evidence is likely to carry weight and how best to present your case.

Maya has expertise in handling a range of complex matters involving children and high-net worth clients.

Date last reviewed: 24/07/2026

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